Original Investigation
10-Year Follow-Up After Revascularization in Elderly Patients With Complex Coronary Artery Disease

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2021.04.016Get rights and content
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Abstract

Background

The optimal revascularization strategy for the elderly with complex coronary artery disease remains unclear.

Objectives

The goal of this study was to investigate 10-year all-cause mortality, life expectancy, 5-year major adverse cardiac or cerebrovascular events (MACCE), and 5-year quality of life (QOL) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) or coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) in elderly individuals (>70 years old) with 3-vessel disease (3VD) and/or left main disease (LMD).

Methods

In the present pre-specified analysis on age of the SYNTAX Extended Survival study, 10-year all-cause death and 5-year MACCE were compared with Kaplan-Meier estimates and Cox proportional hazards models among elderly or nonelderly patients. Life expectancy was estimated by restricted mean survival time within 10 years, and QOL status according to the Seattle Angina Questionnaire up to 5 years was assessed by linear mixed-effects models.

Results

Among 1,800 randomized patients, 575 patients (31.9%) were elderly. Ten-year mortality did not differ significantly between PCI and CABG in elderly (44.1% vs. 41.1%; hazard ratio [HR]: 1.08; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.84 to 1.40) and nonelderly patients (21.1% vs. 16.6%; HR: 1.30; 95% CI: 1.00 to 1.69; pinteraction = 0.332). Among elderly patients, 5-year MACCE was comparable between PCI and CABG (39.4% vs. 35.1%; HR: 1.18; 95% CI: 0.90 to 1.56), whereas it was significantly higher in PCI over CABG among nonelderly patients (36.3% vs. 23.0%; HR: 1.69; 95% CI: 1.36 to 2.10; pinteraction = 0.043). There were no significant difference in life expectancy (mean difference: 0.2 years in favor of CABG; 95% CI: −0.4 to 0.7) and 5-year QOL status between PCI and CABG among elderly patients.

Conclusions

Elderly patients with 3VD and/or LMD had comparable 10-year all-cause death, life expectancy, 5-year MACCE, and 5-year QOL status irrespective of revascularization mode. (Synergy Between PCI With TAXUS and Cardiac Surgery: SYNTAX Extended Survival [SYNTAXES]; NCT03417050) (SYNTAX Study: TAXUS Drug-Eluting Stent Versus Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery for the Treatment of Narrowed Arteries [SYNTAX]; NCT00114972)

Key Words

CABG
elderly
life expectancy, long-term outcome, PCI
SYNTAX

Abbreviations and Acronyms

3VD
3-vessel disease
CABG
coronary artery bypass grafting surgery
CAD
coronary artery disease
LMCAD
left main coronary artery disease
MACCE
major adverse cardiac or cerebrovascular events
PCI
percutaneous coronary intervention
QOL
quality of life
SAQ
Seattle Angina Questionnaire

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Listen to this manuscript's audio summary by Editor-in-Chief Dr. Valentin Fuster on JACC.org.

Hani Jneid, MD, served as Guest Associate Editor for this paper. Christie Ballantyne, MD, served as Guest Editor-in-Chief for this paper.

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